Enjoyed the review, but take exception to an aspect your "game" definition, though I'm not in fundamental disagreement. You offered “A form of goal-directed action in which the goal as such is not a value.” Not a value? Perish the thought. The arbitrary ends of games become passionate values celebrated as deeply as any in life for some people. Sit through a Yankees game with Andy Bernstein some time, if you dare. Perhaps "optional value", or non-essential value. They're not metaphysically important outside the arbitrary context of the game, but "not a value" is not what you're getting at. Think of Ayn Rand's humor discussion: Humor is the denial of metaphysical importance to that which you laugh at. The ends of games are similar - if the end of a game has metaphysical importance, it's no longer a game.
Enjoyed the review, but take exception to an aspect your "game" definition, though I'm not in fundamental disagreement. You offered “A form of goal-directed action in which the goal as such is not a value.” Not a value? Perish the thought. The arbitrary ends of games become passionate values celebrated as deeply as any in life for some people. Sit through a Yankees game with Andy Bernstein some time, if you dare. Perhaps "optional value", or non-essential value. They're not metaphysically important outside the arbitrary context of the game, but "not a value" is not what you're getting at. Think of Ayn Rand's humor discussion: Humor is the denial of metaphysical importance to that which you laugh at. The ends of games are similar - if the end of a game has metaphysical importance, it's no longer a game.